第一章 单元测试

1、单选题：
What is the primary characteristic of pig iron that makes it unsuitable for most applications?（ ）
选项：
A:Its high carbon content.
B:Its ability to be transformed into steel.
C:Its historical importance in ancient smelting.
D:The mold shape it is cast into.
答案: 【Its high carbon content.】

2、单选题：
According to the passage, what is the significance of the open-hearth process in steel production?（ ）
选项：
A:It was the first method to completely eliminate carbon from iron.
B:It was the primary method used in the 17th century.
C:It allowed for producing larger quantities of steel efficiently.
D:It reduced the need for iron ore in steelmaking.
答案: 【It allowed for producing larger quantities of steel efficiently.】

3、单选题：
Which major industry developments occurred during the Industrial Revolution in the context of metallurgy?（ ）
选项：
A:The development of brass alloy.
B:The invention of the steam engine.
C:The creation of lightweight materials for the aerospace industry.
D:The use of coal for large-scale iron and steel production.
答案: 【The use of coal for large-scale iron and steel production.】

4、单选题：
What is the main purpose of the lecture on writing a report?（ ）
选项：
A:To analyze the impact of social media on consumer behavior.
B:To compare different styles of academic writing.
C:To teach the steps and structure involved in writing an academic report.
D:To discuss the importance of referencing in reports.
答案: 【To teach the steps and structure involved in writing an academic report.】

5、单选题：
What challenges did the development of railroads in China face in the early 20th century?（ ）
选项：
A:Political instability, wars, and foreign occupation.
B:Technological advancements and economic support.
C:Natural disasters and lack of resources.
D:Excessive funding and rapid construction.
答案: 【Political instability, wars, and foreign occupation.】

第二章 单元测试

1、单选题：
In the context of the passage, what is a significant use of tungsten?（ ）
选项：
A:Coating other metals to prevent rust
B:As a currency standard
C:Jewelry making
D:Light bulb filaments and high-temperature furnaces
答案: 【Light bulb filaments and high-temperature furnaces】

2、单选题：
How does the passage describe the use of "fabrication" in paragraph 3?（ ）
选项：
A:As a noun formed from the verb "fabricate," illustrating morphological changes to indicate a process.
B:As an adjective describing metal properties.
C:As a verb referring to the process of creating ceramics.
D:As a compound noun describing natural phenomena.
答案: 【As a noun formed from the verb "fabricate," illustrating morphological changes to indicate a process.】

3、单选题：
How is "extrusion" defined in the passage?（ ）
选项：
A:The act of shaping metal or plastic by forcing it through a die.
B:A method of twisting metal wires.
C:A process of cutting materials into sheets.
D:A technique of heating materials until they melt.
答案: 【The act of shaping metal or plastic by forcing it through a die.】

4、单选题：
What is a summary as defined in the passage?（ ）
选项：
A:A creative retelling of a story in one's own words.
B:A collection of various literary critiques.
C:A detailed analysis of a text with personal opinions.
D:A condensed version of a longer text highlighting its main points.
答案: 【A condensed version of a longer text highlighting its main points.】

5、单选题：
How did ancient Chinese craftsmen create bronze artifacts according to the passage?（ ）
选项：
A:Through piece-mold casting, where a clay model was used to create a mold.
B:By melting metals in wooden molds.
C:By using a method that involved metal etching and soldering.
D:Through advanced 3D printing techniques.
答案: 【Through piece-mold casting, where a clay model was used to create a mold.】